2006年12月获得上海交通大学模式识别与智能系统专业工学博士学位；
2007年3月加入南京理工大学计算机科学与工程学院， 现为南京理工大学计算机科学与工程学院教授，博士生导师；
2012年1月至2013年1月在美国芝加哥大学（University of Chicago）放射学系访学交流，从事医学影像分析研究；
2016年8月至2017年8月在美国Florida大学地理系访学交流，从事地物变化分析研究。
20年以来发表的部分论文：
[1] Yanbo Liu, Guo Cao, Boshan Shi, Yingxiang Hu, CCANet: A Collaborative Cross-modal Attention Network for RGB-D Crowd Counting, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 99:1-12, 2023.
[2] Hao Shi, Guo Cao, Youqiang Zhang, Zixian Ge, F3Net: Fast Fourier Filter Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, available online: DOI: 10.1109/TIM.2023.3277100, 2023.
[3] Ayesha Shafique, Seyd Teymoor Seydi, Guo Cao, Di Yang, SSViT-HCD: A Spatial–Spectral Convolutional Vision Transformer for Hyperspectral Change Detection, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 16:6487-6504, 2023.
[4] Yanbo Liu, Guo Cao, Hao Shi, etc,. Lw-Count: An Effective Lightweight Encoding-Decoding Crowd Counting Network, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 1-1, 2022.
[5] Hao Shi, Guo Cao, Youqiang Zhang, etc., H2A2Net: A Hybrid Convolution and Hybrid Resolution Network with Double Attention for Hyperspectral Image Classification, Remote Sensing 14(17):4235, 2022.
[6] Zixian Ge, Guo Cao, Youqiang Zhang, etc,. Subpixel Multilevel Scale Feature Learning and Adaptive Attention Constraint Fusion for Hyperspectral Image Classification, Remote Sensing 14(15):3670, 2022.
[7] Qiqiong Yu, Guo Cao, Hao Shi, etc,. EPLL Image Restoration with a Bounded Asymmetrical Student’s-t Mixture Model, Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation 88(1–4):103611, 2022.
[8] Yanbo Liu, Guo Cao, Zixian Ge, Yingxiang Hu, Crowd counting method via a dynamic-refined density map network, Neurocomputing, 497(4):191-203, 2022.
[9] Ayesha Shafique, Guo Cao, Muhammad Asad, etc,. Deep Learning-Based Change Detection in Remote Sensing Images: A Review. Remote Sensing 14(4):871, 2022.
[10] Zixian Ge, Guo Cao, Hao Shi, Compound Multiscale Weak Dense Network with Hybrid Attention for Hyperspectral Image Classification, Remote Sensing 13(16):3305, 2021.
[11] Zixian Ge, Guo Cao, Youqiang Zhang, etc,. Adaptive Hash Attention and Lower Triangular Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 60(99):1-19, 2021.
[12] Youqiang Zhang, Guo Cao, Bisheng Wang, etc,. Dual Sparse Representation Graph-Based Copropagation for Semisupervised Hyperspectral Image Classification, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing PP(99):1-17, 2021.
[13] Youqiang Zhang, Guo Cao, Xuesong Li, Multiview-Based Random Rotation Ensemble Pruning for Hyperspectral Image Classification, IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 70:5500314, 2021.
[14] Bisheng Wang, Guo Cao, Licun Zhou, etc,. Task differentiation: Constructing robust branches for precise object detection, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 199:103030, 2020.
[15] Wanghao Xu, Siqi Luo, Yunfei Wang, Youqiang Zhang, Guo Cao, Sparse Representation Graph for Hyperspectral Image Classification Assisted by Class Adjusted Spatial Distance, Applied Sciences 10(21):7740, 2020.
[16] Zixian Ge, Guo Cao, Xuesong Li, Hyperspectral Image Classification Method Based on 2D–3D CNN and Multibranch Feature Fusion, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 13:5776-5788, 2020.
截至到2023年，在IEEE TGRS, JSTARS, PR, PRL，IJRS, CVPR等学术期刊、学术会议上发表论文90余篇，其中被SCI检索60余篇，EI检索10余篇。 申请发明专利8项，已授权4项。